How to Deal: Toenail Infections

Fungal toenail infections are a common foot health problem, especially among dancers. Such infections can persist for years without ever causing pain.

The disease, characterized by a change in a toenail's color, is often considered nothing more than a mere blemish, but it can present serious problems if left untreated. Also referred to as Onychomycosis, fungal nail infections are an infection underneath the surface of the nail, which can also penetrate the nail.

In addition to causing difficulty and pain when walking, running, or dancing, fungal nail infections are often accompanied by a secondary bacterial and/or yeast infection in or about the nail plate. A group of fungi called dermophytes easily attack the nail, thriving off keratin, the nail's protein substance. When the tiny organisms take hold, the nail may become thicker, yellowish-brown or darker in color, and foul smelling. Debris may collect beneath the nail plate, white marks frequently appear on the nail plate, and the infection is capable of spreading to other toenails, the skin, or even the fingernails.

Nail bed injury may make the nail more susceptible to all types of infection, including fungal infection. Those who suffer chronic diseases, such as diabetes, circulatory problems, or immune-deficiency conditions, are especially prone to fungal nails. Wearing the same shoes, especially during dancing, everyday can perpetuate bacteria and begin to form fungus. Other contributory factors may be a history of Athlete's foot and excessive perspiration.

You can prevent fungal nail infections by taking these simple precautions:
1. Exercise proper hygiene and regularly inspect your feet and toes.
2. Keep your feet clean and dry.
3. Wear shower shoes in public facilities whenever possible.
4. Clip your nails straight across so that the nail does not extend beyond the tip of the toe.
5. Use a quality foot powder - talcum, not cornstarch - in conjunction with shoes that fit well and are made of materials that breathe.
6. Avoid wearing excessively tight hosiery, which promotes moisture. Socks made of synthetic fiber tend to "wick" away moisture faster than cotton or wool socks, especially for those with more active life styles.
7. Disinfect home pedicure tools and don't apply polish to nails suspected of infection.

It is especially important for dancers to take these precautions because they are very susceptible to fungal infections.

If a fungal infection does occur, try treating by an over-the-counter cream. If this does not work, your podiatrist may be able to prescribe a medication to help eliminate the fungal infection. In some cases, a surgical procedure is recommended to remove the infected nail. However, you can avoid this by good hygiene!